The end of the XXth century saw the collapse of the USSR and of many Marxist certitudes. Today communism is far from having the credibility it had during the XIXth and the XXth century. However the rise of the new technologies, globalization and the appearance of artificial intelligence can give to the interior enemy of Marxism, Anarchism, a new revival and contribute to realize many engagements thinkers like Proudhon or even shadow allies like Hegel advocated.
Anarchism, with its principle “neither God neither Master” is the contrary of communism. There are similar goals like reinveting reality a more humanistic and idealistic way. But the means can be criticized in different ways. Concerning Marxism, its dictatorship of proletariat is giving only to one social class the mission to change completely reality ; but it looks like a “reverse” aristocracy or cast, where the social background determine everything about the people. This hierarchical and rigid vision of reality is the heir of the platonistic ideal city of the Republic, where the philosophers were the “right thinkers” for everyone. On the contrary, Anarchism is advocating a completely chaotic reality, and is fighting any form of authority or supremacy. To this extend it is a lot closer to holistic views, which is seing reality as completely without any order. Anarchism isn’t againt the idea of companies or religions. To this extend the sentence of Clemenceau saying that he was at the same time “conservative and anarchist” is showing also that many ideologies can be a way or another related to anarchism or can lead to an “anarchist” reality.
In my opinion an anarchist vision of reality is much more likely to be realized that the Marxist one. First the chaotic and always changing nature of reality and time is a lot more realistic that the “scientifical materialism” or Marx, who is assimilating History to a science, with a reality that can be planned as an exact science. Hegel, to this extend, who is an ally of anarchist, which is a reason why Marx fought against him all his life, wrote that reality has no limit if you think in the long run. To this extend he takes into account the fact reality can be invented, but with long term goals and not exact planning as Marx wanted to do. In his dialectics of the master and the slave, he says the slave becomes the real master in the long run because he acquires many skills. If the master has the position of power, the slave has the real power thanks to his skills. But knowledge is an “anarchist” reality to the extend it is not planned exactly. It is the reason why Hegel has a much more realistic and efficient way to approach reality than Marx.
The new technologies have the great possibility to reinvent reality, with its good and bad sides, but have an extraordinary anarchist potential. They can contribute to rethink the notion of property for instance, as Proudhon wanted to do in his theories. Alternative capitalism, which is also a shadow ally of anarchism, can have the possibility to grow a great deal. For instance the notions of education or money can be revolutionized a more idealistic way. These changes can be led in an international scale, as ideologies are in my opinion only efficient if they are promoted internationally, but they can happen. Organizations like unions, very leftist or more reformist, can also know a real revival in this context. It is the reason why anarchism, which was marginalized by Marxism, can take its revenge in the XXIst century.
The observer 